MATLAB DESIGN HDL CODER RELEASE NOTES User's Guide Page 62
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62 www.xilinx.com System Generator for DSP User Guide
UG640 (v 12.2) July 23, 2010
Chapter 1: Hardware Design Using System Generator
Finite State Machines
This example shows how to create a finite state machine using the MCode block with
internal state variables. The state machine illustrated below detects the pattern 1011 in an
input stream of bits.
The M-function that is used by the MCode block contains a transition function, which
computes the next state based on the current state and the current input. Unlike example 3
though, the M-function in this example defines persistent state variables to store the state
of the finite state machine in the MCode block. The following M-code, which defines
function detect1011_w_state is contained in file detect1011_w_state.m:
function matched = detect1011_w_state(din)
% This is the detect1011 function with states for detecting a
% pattern of 1011.
seen_none = 0; % initial state, if input is 1, switch to seen_1
seen_1 = 1; % first 1 has been seen, if input is 0, switch
% seen_10
seen_10 = 2; % 10 has been detected, if input is 1, switch to
% seen_1011
seen_101 = 3; % now 101 is detected, is input is 1, 1011 is
% detected and the FSM switches to seen_1
% the state is a 2-bit register
persistent state, state = xl_state(seen_none, {xlUnsigned, 2, 0});
% the default value of matched is false
matched = false;
switch state
case seen_none
if din==1
state = seen_1;
else
state = seen_none;
end
case seen_1 % seen first 1
if din==1
state = seen_1;
else
- Generator for 1
- Table of Contents 3
- About This Guide 9
- Conventions 10
- Preface: About This Guide 12
- Hardware Design Using System 13
- Generator 13
- A Brief Introduction to FPGAs 14
- Note to the DSP Engineer 18
- Note to the Hardware Engineer 18
- Algorithm Exploration 19
- System Generator Blocksets 21
- Xilinx Blockset 22
- Xilinx Reference Blockset 22
- Signal Types 23
- Timing and Clocking 24
- Rate-Changing Blocks 25
- Multirate Models 25
- Hardware Oversampling 26
- Asynchronous Clocking 26
- Synchronous Clocking 26
- The Clock Enables Option 27
- The Hybrid DCM-CE Option 27
- The Expose Clock Ports Option 28
- Synchronization Mechanisms 36
- Block Masks 37
- Parameter Passing 37
- Automatic Code Generation 39
- Simulink System Period 43
- Block Icon Display 43
- Viewing ISE Reports 44
- Compilation Results 44
- System Clock Period 46
- Multicycle Path Constraints 46
- Constraints Example 47
- Clock Handling in HDL 48
- HDL Testbench 50
- Compiling MATLAB into an FPGA 51
- Simple Arithmetic Operations 52
- Shift Operations 56
- Optional Input Ports 60
- Finite State Machines 62
- Parameterizable Accumulator 63
- RPN Calculator 69
- Example of disp Function 71
- Integration Design Rules 73
- A Step-by-Step Example 75
- Simulating the Entire Design 80
- Design Tools 90
- Generating an FPGA Bitstream 93
- Implementing Your Design 94
- Table 1-1: 97
- DSP48 Block 101
- Dynamic Control of the DSP48 101
- DSP48 Macro Block 102
- UG640 (v 12.2) July 23, 2010 103
- Design Styles for the DSP48 105
- DSP48 Design Techniques 106
- C-Input Sharing 107
- Adder Trees Planning 107
- Placement 107
- Signal Length Planning 107
- Cascade Routing Buses 107
- Design Overview 110
- Run the Simulation 115
- Multiple Clock Applications 118
- Clock Domain Partitioning 119
- Crossing Clock Domains 120
- Step-by-Step Example 122
- Creating a Top-Level Wrapper 126
- ChipScope Pro Overview 130
- Real-Time Debug 135
- Bus Plot 137
- Co-Simulation 140
- Benefits 141
- Pro Analyzer 141
- Hardware/Software Co-Design 143
- Black Box Block 144
- PicoBlaze Block 144
- EDK Processor Block 144
- Memory Map Creation 146
- Hardware Generation 147
- Hardware Co-Simulation 147
- The Software Driver 148
- API Documentation 150
- Writing a Software Program 151
- Single-Word Reads 152
- Single-Word Writes 152
- Asynchronous Support 154
- Dual Clock Wiring Scheme 156
- Single Clock Wiring Scheme 158
- Troubleshooting 161
- EDK Support 163
- EDK Import Wizard 164
- Limitations 164
- Exporting a pcore 166
- Architecture Highlights 167
- 16 General Purpose Registers 167
- Flags and Program Control 168
- Input/Output 168
- Interrupt 168
- Write Software 176
- Create an XPS Project 179
- Import the XPS Project 180
- Write Software Programs 181
- Create a Testbench Model 184
- Using XPS 186
- Using Platform Studio SDK 191
- Embedded DSP Design 200
- Objectives 201
- Tutorial Exercise Setup 201
- Design Description 202
- PROCEDURE 203
- Hardware Co-Simulation Block 207
- Using Hardware Co-Simulation 225
- Choosing a Compilation Target 227
- Invoking the Code Generator 227
- Hardware Co-Simulation Blocks 228
- 2. Select 231
- 1. Click 231
- Clocking Modes 232
- Selecting the Clock Mode 232
- Board-Specific I/O Ports 233
- Interface Features 235
- Co-Simulating the Design 238
- Known Issues 239
- Setup Procedures 239
- Specifying the Cable Location 240
- Starting Up a CSE server 241
- Shared Memory Support 242
- Compiling Shared Memory Pairs 244
- Memory Type Icon 245
- Shared Memory 245
- Shared FIFO 245
- Shared Register 245
- Co-Simulating Shared FIFOs 249
- Shared Memories 254
- Adding Buffers to a Design 256
- Using Vector Transfers 262
- Valid Bit Generation 270
- 5x5 Filter Kernel Test Bench 272
- Reloading the Kernel 276
- ®/Simulink software from The 277
- Setup the PC 281
- Setup the ML402 board 282
- Install Related Software 286
- Setup the Local Area Network 286
- Setup the ML506 board 287
- System ACE™ Reset 290
- Setup the ML605 board 291
- Simulation 294
- Setup the SP601/SP605 Board 299
- Setup the ML402 Board 301
- Setup the ML605 Board 303
- Hardware Requirements 307
- Supporting New Boards 307
- SBDBuilder Dialog Box 308
- Saving Plugin Files 312
- Board Support Package Files 313
- Providing Your Own Top Level 317
- Plugins Directory 318
- Detecting New Packages 319
- Importing HDL Modules 321
- Language Selection 325
- Defining Block Ports 326
- Port Object 326
- Port Types 327
- Configuring Port Sample Rates 328
- Dynamic Output Ports 328
- Black Box Clocking 329
- Combinational Paths 330
- Error Checking 331
- Black Box API 331
- SysgenBlockDescriptor Methods 332
- SysgenPortDescriptor Methods 334
- HDL Co-Simulation 335
- ModelSim Simulator 336
- Black Box Examples 338
- /coregen_import_example2.cgp 345
- Click Next > 347
- Importing a VHDL Module 352
- Importing a Verilog Module 359
- Dynamic Black Boxes 361
- Simultaneously 363
- ModelSim 366
- Encrypted VHDL File 370
- Chapter 5 377
- HDL Netlist Compilation 378
- NGC Netlist Compilation 378
- Bitstream Compilation 379
- XFLOW Option Files 380
- Additional Settings 381
- EDK Export Tool 383
- Export as Pcore to EDK 385
- See Also: 386
- Period and Slack 389
- Path Analysis Example 389
- Timing Analyzer Features 390
- Cross-Probing 391
- Histogram Charts 392
- Histogram Detail 394
- Statistics 394
- Trace Report 394
- Improving Failing Paths 395
- Generate the Example Design 398
- Examine the Slow Paths 398
- Rescue the Design 399
- Creating Compilation Targets 401
- The xltarget Function 402
- Target Info Functions 403
- Using XFLOW 405
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